Saat Usia Mencapai 40 Tahun, Apa yang Perlu Dilakukan?

Saat Usia Mencapai 40 Tahun, Apa yang Perlu Dilakukan?

Betapa banyak dari kita yang terperdaya oleh dunia dan jauh dari mengingat kematian. Kita sibuk dengan berbagai aktivitas keduniawian, detik demi detik terlena dengan gemerlap dan kesibukan dunia. Kita mengerjakan ibadah wajib sekenanya, apalagi ibadah yang sunah, akan mudah untuk ditinggalkan, toh hanya sekedar ibadah sunah. Secara tidak sadar kita pun merasa bahwa kematian itu masih jauh dari hidup kita? Bagaimana tidak, kita merasa fisik kita masih baik, akal pikiran masih belum menua, dan belum ada tanda-tanda keriput di badan. Sadar atau tidak, kita asosiasikan kematian itu dengan usia lanjut, atau ketika kita terbaring di ICU, atau ketika sudah berjalan memakai tongkat. Adapun sekarang, maka belum saatnya mati.

Kita diajarkan bahwa hidup ini butuh “jeda”, jeda untuk introspeksi diri terhadap apa yang telah kita perbuat di kehidupan ini. Jeda untuk menghisab amal perbuatan kita, menghitung-hitung dosa dan kesalahan kita, lalu berusaha untuk memperbaiki kualitas diri dengan meningkatkan ketakwaan kepada Allah Ta’ala. Kita menjauh sejenak dari gemerlap kehidupan dunia, untuk menyendiri, menghadap Allah Ta’ala, memohon ampunan, dan bertobat kepada-Nya. Dan di antara “jeda” itu adalah di saat usia kita telah mencapai 40 tahun. Namun, perlu diketahui bahwa “40 tahun” yang dimaksud dalam artikel ini adalah berdasarkan perhitungan Hijriyah, bukan Masehi.

Allah Ta’ala berfirman,

وَوَصَّيْنَا الْإِنسَانَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ إِحْسَاناً حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُ كُرْهاً وَوَضَعَتْهُ كُرْهاً وَحَمْلُهُ وَفِصَالُهُ ثَلَاثُونَ شَهْراً حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُ وَبَلَغَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً قَالَ رَبِّ أَوْزِعْنِي أَنْ أَشْكُرَ نِعْمَتَكَ الَّتِي أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيَّ وَعَلَى وَالِدَيَّ وَأَنْ أَعْمَلَ صَالِحاً تَرْضَاهُ وَأَصْلِحْ لِي فِي ذُرِّيَّتِي إِنِّي تُبْتُ إِلَيْكَ وَإِنِّي مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ

“Kami perintahkan kepada manusia supaya berbuat baik kepada dua orang ibu bapaknya, ibunya mengandungnya dengan susah payah, dan melahirkannya dengan susah payah (pula). Mengandungnya sampai menyapihnya adalah tiga puluh bulan, sehingga apabila dia telah dewasa dan umurnya sampai empat puluh tahun, ia pun berdoa,

رَبِّ أَوْزِعْنِي أَنْ أَشْكُرَ نِعْمَتَكَ الَّتِي أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيَّ وَعَلَى وَالِدَيَّ وَأَنْ أَعْمَلَ صَالِحًا تَرْضَاهُ وَأَصْلِحْ لِي فِي ذُرِّيَّتِي إِنِّي تُبْتُ إِلَيْكَ وَإِنِّي مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ

“Ya Rabbku, tunjukilah aku untuk mensyukuri nikmat yang telah Engkau berikan kepadaku dan kepada ibu bapakku, dan supaya aku dapat berbuat amal yang saleh yang Engkau ridai; berilah kebaikan kepadaku dengan (memberi kebaikan) kepada anak cucuku. Sesungguhnya aku bertobat kepada Engkau dan sesungguhnya aku termasuk orang-orang yang berserah diri.” (QS. Al-Ahqaf: 15).

Imam Malik rahimahullah berkata,

أَدْرَكْتُ أَهْلَ العِلْمِ بِبَلَدِنَا وَهُمْ يَطْلُبُوْنَ الدُّنْيَا ، وَيُخَالِطُوْنَ النَّاسَ ، حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ لِأَحَدِهِمْ أَرْبَعُوْنَ سَنَةً ، فَإِذَا أَتَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ اِعْتَزَلُوْا النَّاسَ

“Aku mendapati para ulama di berbagai negeri, mereka sibuk dengan aktivitas dunia dan pergaulan dengan sesama manusia. (Namun) ketika mereka sampai di usia 40 tahun, mereka pun menjauh dari manusia.” (Al-Jami’ li Ahkam Al-Qur’an, 14: 218)

Baca juga: Perbanyaklah Mengingat Kematian

Abdullah bin Dawud rahimahullah berkata, “Kaum salaf, apabila di antara mereka ada yang sudah berumur 40 tahun, ia mulai melipat kasur, yakni tidak akan tidur lagi sepanjang malam, selalu melakukan salat, bertasbih, dan beristigfar. Lalu mereka mengejar segala ketertinggalan pada usia sebelumnya dengan amal-amal (saleh) di hari sesudahnya.” (Ihya Ulumiddin, 4: 410)

Oleh karena itu, apabila usia kita telah mencapai 40 tahun, hendaknya kita mulai sibuk dengan ibadah dan amal saleh. Karena usia 40 tahun adalah di antara tanda peringatan, bahwa kita tidak akan lama lagi hidup di dunia. Bukankah kita telah mengetahui, Nabi shallallahu shallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam telah bersabda,

أَعْمَارُ أُمَّتِـي مَا بَيْنَ السِّتِّيْنَ إِلَى السَّبْعِيْنَ وَأَقَلُّهُمْ مَنْ يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ

“Umur umatku adalah antara 60 hingga 70 tahun, dan hanya sedikit yang umurnya lebih dari itu.” (HR. Ibnu Majah no. 4236, Syekh Al-Albani mengatakan: hasan shahih)

Jadi, usia 40 tahun itu ibarat pertengahan dan persimpangan jalan, yang ujungnya adalah surga atau neraka. Masa itu adalah masa untuk berbenah memperbaiki diri, bukan sebaliknya, justru semakin berambisi mengejar dunia, semakin sibuk hura-hura dan foya-foya, lalai dalam beribadah, dan tenggelam dalam hal-hal lainnya yang tidak bermanfaat kebaikan bagi kehidupan akhiratnya.

Usia 40 tahun ini juga ibarat ujian untuk memperbaiki diri. Apabila lulus, maka insya Allah hari-hari berikutnya akan dimudahkan untuk beramal saleh. Apabila tidak lulus, maka semakin tua akan semakin menjadi (dalam maksiat), kecuali yang Allah Ta’ala berikan taufik dan hidayah. Sampai-sampai Ibnul Jauzi rahimahullah berkata, “Siapa saja yang telah mencapai usia 40 tahun dan amal kebaikannya belum mengalahkan keburukannya, maka hendaknya ia bersiap-siap ke neraka.” (Bahrud Dumuu’, hal. 57)

Apabila belum juga bertobat dan terus menumpuk dosa, bisa jadi dampak dari dosa tersebut akan segera dia rasakan, cepat atau lambat. Ibnul Qayyim rahimahullah berkata,

لا تغتر إذا لم تر أثر ذنبك في حينه .فقد تجد أثره بعد أربعين سنة

“Janganlah tertipu ketika engkau tidak melihat efek dosa pada saat engkau melakukannya. Terkadang efek dosa tersebut engkau rasakan setelah 40 tahun.” (Ad-Daa’ wad Dawa’, hal. 130)

Semoga Allah Ta’ala mengampuni segala dosa dan kesalahan kita, dan memberikan kita taufik untuk senantiasa bertakwa kepada-Nya.

Baca juga: Peringatan dari Rambut Uban

***

@Kantor Pogung, 11 Sya’ban 1445/ 21 Februari 2024

Penulis: M. Saifudin Hakim

Artikel: Muslim.or.id

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